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A web-based tender management system mainly used by government and other organisations to deliver a standard single entry point to advertise business opportunities within the organisation.

The EU Procurement Rules implement the EC procurement directives, aiming to ensure the free movement of goods and services within the European Union and to ensure public sector purchasing decisions are based on value for money achieved through competition. The principles are applied through the advertising of contracts above a specified threshold across the European Union. All tenders are treated equally to avoid discrimination on the grounds of nationality or the origins of goods and services.

The absence of one of the parties to a dispute. A common ex parte application is for a court to grant an injunction where one party cannot appear in court because it would undermine the proceedings.

A clause in a contract which removes, restricts or modifies a legal obligation owed by one party to the other. The enforceability of an exclusion clause is generally subject to a requirement that it is reasonable.

The right to own, perform or control to the exclusion of all others.

The signing of a document in compliance with legal requirements or the enforcing of a judgment.

A situation where part of a neighbouring property encroaches onto an owner's land, including the air-space of that land, in the sense that it crosses over the common boundary.

A proprietary right held by one person that limits or affects the rights of enjoyment by a property owner over its property, and includes mortgages, trusts or liens.

An individual who belongs to the engineering profession. Common types of engineers are civil, structural, mechanical, electrical, chemical, environmental and geo-technical engineers.

In an EPC Contract the Contractor undertakes to engineer, procure, construct and commission a project from its inception to Final Completion. The Principal will provide the Contractor with a Design brief at the outset and will have a limited input into the project from then onwards. The Contractor is obliged to bring the project to such a stage of Practical Completion that  the Principal can immediately commence operation of the completed project. (See also Turnkey Contract)